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1.
Codas ; 35(2): e20210262, 2023.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37098939

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To analyze the effects of lingual frenotomy on the breastfeeding of infants, based on the electrical activity of the masseter and suprahyoid muscles and assessment of the breastfeeding. METHODS: Observational study developed between October 2017 and June 2018 with a sample of 20 newborns and infants who attended a dental clinic and were diagnosed with ankyloglossia. Another 20 were excluded for meeting some of the following exclusion criteria: babies more than 6 months old, who were not on exclusive or mixed breastfeeding, who had other clinical impairments that interfered with breastfeeding, who had other foods introduced into their diet, who had neurological changes and/or craniofacial deformities, and/or who did not finish all the stages of the study. Breastfeeding was assessed with the UNICEF Breastfeeding Assessment and Observation Protocol, while the muscle electrical activity was assessed with the Electrical Activity Assessment Protocol for the Masseter and Suprahyoid Muscles in Newborns During Breastfeeding. The same speech-language-hearing therapist conducted the two assessments both before the conventional frenotomy and 7 days after it. RESULTS: The signs suggestive of breastfeeding difficulties changed 7 days after the surgery, with a p-value ≤ 0.002 for general observation of the mother, position of the infant, latch, and sucking. The maximum voluntary contraction of the masseter was the only integral parameter with a difference, as the electrical activity had decreased. CONCLUSION: Behaviors favorable to breastfeeding increased 7 days after the frenotomy in all the breastfeeding assessment categories, whereas the electrical activity of the masseter decreased.


Subject(s)
Ankyloglossia , Breast Feeding , Infant , Female , Infant, Newborn , Humans , Lingual Frenum/surgery , Lingual Frenum/abnormalities , Ankyloglossia/surgery , Mothers , Neck Muscles , Treatment Outcome
2.
Rev. CEFAC ; 25(4): e0523, 2023. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1514758

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: to conduct a scoping review to identify procedures to obtain and analyze ultrasound images related to swallowing in adults and older adults. Methods: the strategy (participants, concept, and context) was employed to determine inclusion criteria - population (adults and older adults), concept (ultrasound assessment), and context (assessment of swallowing). The review will analyze observational, experimental and/or quasi-experimental, descriptive, analytical, and qualitative studies, and opinion texts and articles. It will exclude studies unavailable in full text, in animals, or in vitro, letters to the editor, errata, study protocols, and studies using ultrasound with purposes other than swallowing. There will be no restriction on the language. Two independent professionals will select the studies in the databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, Web of Science, and Scopus). The review will analyze the year of publication, study design, sample, age, and procedures to assess swallowing with ultrasound. Data will be presented in diagrams, tables, and narrative. Final Considerations: the literature has described ultrasound as an assessment instrument to analyze biomechanical swallowing movements. This scoping review will describe methods to acquire ultrasound images to assess swallowing.


RESUMO Objetivo: realizar uma revisão de escopo para identificar os procedimentos de obtenção e análise de imagens ultrassonográficas relacionadas à deglutição de adultos e idosos. Métodos: a estratégia (participantes, conceito e contexto) foi empregada para determinar os critérios de inclusão - população (adultos e idosos), conceito (avaliação ultrassonográfica) e contexto (avaliação da deglutição). Serão analisados os estudos observacionais, experimentais e/ou quase experimentais, descritivos, analíticos, qualitativos, textos e artigos de opinião; e eliminados os que não estiverem disponíveis na íntegra, estudos em animais, in vitro, cartas ao editor, errata, protocolos de estudo e os que usaram a ultrassonografia para fins que não contemplam a deglutição. Não haverá restrições a idiomas. Os estudos serão escolhidos por dois profissionais, independentemente, a partir das bases de dados (MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, Web of Science e Scopus). Serão analisados o ano do estudo, delineamento, amostra, idade e os procedimentos para avaliação ultrassonográfica da deglutição. Os dados serão expostos por meio de diagramas, narrativas e tabelas. Considerações Finais: a ultrassonografia vem sendo descrita na literatura como um instrumento de avaliação que permite a análise dos movimentos biomecânicos da deglutição. Esta revisão de escopo irá permitir a descrição dos métodos de aquisição da ultrassonografia na avaliação da deglutição.

3.
Rev. CEFAC ; 25(5): e1223, 2023. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1514761

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: to identify studies related to ultrasound assessment of suction in infants. Methods: this research aims to investigate how the literature describes the use of ultrasound to assess suction in infants. It used the "Participants, Concept, and Context" strategy to define inclusion criteria, as follows: population, infants 1 to 180 days old; concept, assessment of suction; and context, ultrasound assessment. The search strategy will be used in the databases of MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus, and studies will be selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria established, independently, by two trained professionals. The article analysis protocol will consider the study year and design, the number of infants assessed, their ages, the suction assessment method, the ultrasound suction image acquisition method, and the ultrasound suction analysis method. Data will be presented in charts, narratives, and tables. Final Considerations: ultrasound has been described in the literature as an assessment instrument that enables the analysis of tongue movements during suction. This scoping review will describe ultrasound acquisition methods to assess suction.


RESUMO Objetivo: identificar estudos relacionados à avaliação ultrassonográfica da função de sucção em lactentes. Métodos: esta pesquisa procura investigar como a literatura descreve o uso da ultrassonografia na avaliação da sucção dos lactentes. A estratégia Participantes, Conceito e Contexto foi utilizada para definir os critérios de inclusão, sendo a população avaliada de lactentes de um a 180 dias de vida; com o conceito investigado de avaliação da função de sucção; e o contexto investigado de avaliação ultrassonográfica. A estratégia de busca será realizada nas bases de dados eletrônicas MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE, Web of Science e Scopus e os estudos serão selecionados com base nos critérios de inclusão e exclusão estabelecidos por dois profissionais treinados, independentemente. O protocolo de análise dos artigos irá considerar ano do estudo, delineamento do estudo, número de bebês avaliados, idade, metodologia para avaliação da sucção, metodologia de aquisição de imagens ultrassonográficas da sucção e metodologia de análise ultrassonográfica da sucção. Os dados serão apresentados por meio de diagramas, narrativas e tabelas. Considerações Finais: a ultrassonografia vem sendo descrita na literatura como um instrumento de avaliação que permite a análise dos movimentos da língua durante a sucção. Esta revisão de escopo irá permitir a descrição dos métodos de aquisição da ultrassonografia na avaliação da sucção.

4.
CoDAS ; 35(2): e20210262, 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1430235

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose To analyze the effects of lingual frenotomy on the breastfeeding of infants, based on the electrical activity of the masseter and suprahyoid muscles and assessment of the breastfeeding. Methods Observational study developed between October 2017 and June 2018 with a sample of 20 newborns and infants who attended a dental clinic and were diagnosed with ankyloglossia. Another 20 were excluded for meeting some of the following exclusion criteria: babies more than 6 months old, who were not on exclusive or mixed breastfeeding, who had other clinical impairments that interfered with breastfeeding, who had other foods introduced into their diet, who had neurological changes and/or craniofacial deformities, and/or who did not finish all the stages of the study. Breastfeeding was assessed with the UNICEF Breastfeeding Assessment and Observation Protocol, while the muscle electrical activity was assessed with the Electrical Activity Assessment Protocol for the Masseter and Suprahyoid Muscles in Newborns During Breastfeeding. The same speech-language-hearing therapist conducted the two assessments both before the conventional frenotomy and 7 days after it. Results The signs suggestive of breastfeeding difficulties changed 7 days after the surgery, with a p-value ≤ 0.002 for general observation of the mother, position of the infant, latch, and sucking. The maximum voluntary contraction of the masseter was the only integral parameter with a difference, as the electrical activity had decreased. Conclusion Behaviors favorable to breastfeeding increased 7 days after the frenotomy in all the breastfeeding assessment categories, whereas the electrical activity of the masseter decreased.


RESUMO Objetivo Analisar os efeitos da frenotomia lingual na amamentação de recém-nascidos, com base na atividade elétrica dos músculos masseter e supra-hióideos e avaliação da mamada. Método Estudo observacional, desenvolvido entre outubro de 2017 e junho de 2018. Amostra de 20 recém-nascidos e lactentes de uma clínica odontológica, diagnosticados com anquiloglossia; 20 foram excluídos por se encaixarem em algum dos critérios de exclusão: ter mais de seis meses de vida, não fazer aleitamento materno exclusivo ou misto, apresentar outro comprometimento clínico que interfira na amamentação, ter iniciado a ingestão de outros alimentos, alterações neurológicas e/ou deformidades craniofaciais e não ter finalizado todas as etapas do estudo. A avaliação da amamentação seguiu o Protocolo de Observação e Avaliação da Mamada da UNICEF, e a avaliação da atividade elétrica muscular o Protocolo de Avaliação da Atividade Elétrica dos Músculos Masseter e Supra-hióideos em Recém-Nascidos Durante a Alimentação, ambas realizadas pela mesma fonoaudióloga antes da frenotomia convencional e sete dias após. Resultados Os sinais sugestivos de dificuldade na amamentação mudaram sete dias após a cirurgia, com valor de p≤0,002 para a observação geral da mãe, posição do bebê, pega e sucção. Houve diferença apenas no parâmetro integral da Contração Voluntária Máxima do masseter, com diminuição da atividade elétrica. Conclusão Sete dias após a frenotomia observou-se aumento de comportamentos favoráveis ​​à amamentação em todas as categorias de avaliação da mamada e diminuição da atividade elétrica do masseter.

5.
Dysphagia ; 37(6): 1375-1385, 2022 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35230536

ABSTRACT

In swallowing, the hyoid bone moves up and forward in response to the activation of suprahyoid muscles, opening the upper esophageal sphincter and aiding the airway protection mechanism. This displacement measure has been analyzed with ultrasound images because this method does not expose the patient to radiation, has a good cost-benefit ratio, and is safe for the patient. However, there is no consensus on the reliability of this ultrasound measure. The objective of this study was to analyze the reliability of measuring hyoid bone displacement amplitude in swallowing with ultrasound. The systematic review encompassed five databases (MEDLINE, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library) and gray literature. There was no limitation of language or year of publication. The search/selection/extraction methodology was conducted by two authors blindly and independently, and differences were solved by a third rater. Three studies met the eligibility criteria: two of them analyzed the reliability in non-dysphagic populations and the other, in dysphagic patients. The transducer was positioned in the submandibular region in all studies. The authors were not clear about the training time to acquire and analyze ultrasound images. The meta-analysis had an interrater reliability of 0.858 (95% CI: 0.744-0.924) and intrarater reliability of 0.968 (95% CI: 0.903-0.990). There was, however, heterogeneity of p = 0.005 for intrarater reliability. Despite good reliability, the heterogeneity reinforces the importance of training and protocol standardization for image acquisition and analysis.


Subject(s)
Deglutition Disorders , Hyoid Bone , Humans , Hyoid Bone/diagnostic imaging , Hyoid Bone/physiology , Reproducibility of Results , Deglutition/physiology , Deglutition Disorders/diagnostic imaging , Deglutition Disorders/etiology , Ultrasonography
6.
Rev. CEFAC ; 24(1): e10021, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1351517

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: to investigate what effects lingual frenotomy has on breastfeeding. Methods: based on the research question - "Is there a relationship between the improvement in breastfeeding and the lingual frenotomy?" -, a bibliographical survey was carried out in three databases, using the following descriptors: ankyloglossia, lingual frenum, breastfeeding and frenotomy. Frenotomy is a free term. Original articles with babies up to 6 months old who had difficulties breastfeeding due to ankyloglossia and who had been submitted to lingual frenotomy were chosen. An instrument was developed, containing the following information: name of the authors, year of publication, country of origin, the objective of the study, type of study, sample, main results, and conclusion. Literature Review: of the 243 articles screened, four met the inclusion criteria for this study. It was observed that, after lingual frenotomy, some changes may take place in breastfeeding patterns, such as an increase in the number of suctions and a decrease in the time of pause in between series of suctions. Conclusion: the lingual frenotomy can be an important procedure in the treatment of babies with ankyloglossia, possibly helping improve the latch and breastfeeding.

7.
Distúrb. comun ; 32(3): 367-375, set. 2020. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1397503

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A perda de massa e flacidez muscular são mudanças anatomofisiológicas esperadas como processo de envelhecimento, podendo causar mudanças no comportamento mioelétrico de músculos envolvidos na deglutição. Objetivo: Caracterizar as medidas eletromiográficas dos músculos supra-hióideos durante a deglutição de idosos. Método: Participaram 49 idosos de ambos os sexos que se alimentavam por via oral exclusiva. Os instrumentos de avaliação utilizados foram: ficha de registro de dados e a eletromiografia de superfície (EMGs) dos músculos supra-hióideos (MSH) na deglutição de 10 ml e 20 ml de água e na deglutição de 5 ml e 10 ml de iogurte pastoso, assim como no consumo contínuo de 100 ml de água. Resultados: A amplitude foi mais elevada nos volumes maiores, tanto para a água como para o iogurte (p = 0,0000 e p = 0,0048, respectivamente). A amplitude para o iogurte foi mais elevada que a amplitude para a água (p = 0,0000) independentemente da faixa etária analisada. A duração eletromiográfica foi mais prolongada para iogurte que para água (efeito principal para consistência, p = 0,0001). A deglutição dos idosos com idade ≥ 80 anos foi mais prolongada de forma significativa em ambos os volumes de água e iogurte quando comparados com demais grupos de faixas etárias: 60-69 (p = 0,0027), 70-79 (p = 0,0012). Conclusão: A consistência alimentar pastosa demonstrou influenciar a duração e a amplitude dessa atividade, independentemente da faixa etária estudada. Na amostra estudada, a duração eletromiográfica dos músculos supra-hióideos demonstrou ser o parâmetro eletrofisiológico mais influenciado pelo processo de envelhecimento, sendo mais prolongada em idosos com idade superior ou igual a 80 anos.


Introduction: Muscle flaccidity and mass loss are expected anatomo-physiological changes resulting from the aging process. They can cause alterations in the myoelectrical behavior of muscles involved in swallowing. Purpose: To characterize the electromyographic measures of the suprahyoid musculature during the swallowing of older adults. Method: A total of 49 older adults of both genders on exclusive oral feeding participated in this study. The assessment instruments used were data record sheet and surface electromyography (SEMG) of the suprahyoid musculature (SHM) when swallowing 10 ml and 20 ml of water and 5 ml and 10 ml of creamy yogurt, as well as continuous ingestion of 100 ml of water. Results:The amplitude was higher in greater volumes, both of water and yogurt (p = 0.0000 and p = 0.0048, respectively). The amplitude for yogurt was higher than that for water (p = 0.0000), regardless of the age group analyzed. The electromyographic duration was longer for yogurt than for water (main effect for consistency, p = 0.0001). The swallowing of those 80 years old or more took significantly longer in both volumes of water and yogurt when compared with the other age groups: 60-69 (p = 0.0027), 70-79 (p = 0.0012). Conclusion: The creamy consistency of food proved to influence the duration and amplitude of this activity, regardless of the age group studied. In the sample studied, the electromyographic duration of the suprahyoid musculature proved to be the electrophysiologic parameter most influenced by the aging process, as it lasted longer in adults 80 years old or more.


Introducción: La pérdida de masa muscular y flacidez son cambios anatomofisiológicos esperados como proceso de envejecimiento y pueden causar cambios en el comportamiento mioeléctrico de los músculos involucrados en la deglución. Objetivo: Caracterizar las mediciones electromiográficas de los músculos suprahyoides durante la deglución de los ancianos. Método: 49 ancianos de ambos sexos que se alimentaban exclusivamente por vía oral participaron. Los instrumentos de evaluación utilizados fueron: forma de registro de datos y electromiografía superficial (EGI) de los músculos suprahioides (MSH) en la ingestión de 10 ml y 20 ml de agua y la deglución de 5 ml y 10 ml de yogur pastoso, así como el consumo continuo de 100 ml de agua. Resultados: La amplitud fue mayor en los volúmenes más grandes, tanto para el agua como para el yogur (p-0.0000 y p-0.0048, respectivamente). La amplitud del yogur fue mayor que la del agua (p-0.0000) independientemente del grupo de edad analizado La duración electromiográfica fue más larga para el yogur que el agua. (ANOVA, efecto principal para la consistencia, p-0.0001). La ingestión de los ancianos de 80 años fue significativamente más larga en volúmenes de agua y yogur en comparación con otros grupos de edad: 60-69 (Newman-Keuls p-0.0027), 70-79 (Newman-Keuls p-0.0012). Conclusión: La consistencia de los alimentos pastosos influyó en la duración y amplitud de la actividad de la MSH independientemente del grupo de edad. La duración electromiográfica de los músculos suprahioides demostró ser el parámetro electrofisiológico más influenciado por el proceso de envejecimiento, siendo más largo en ancianos de 80 años o más.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Deglutition , Electromyography , Masticatory Muscles , Aging , Cross-Sectional Studies
9.
Rev. CEFAC ; 19(5): 712-725, Sept.-Oct. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-896500

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT This study aimed at characterizing the speech and chewing of users of conventional complete dentures (CCD) before and after speech therapy and prosthetic functional adaptation. The participants consisted of 10 users, divided into two groups: experimental (G1) and control (G2). Both groups underwent the same speech therapy and chewing evaluation before and 15 days after prosthetic functional adaptation; G1 underwent speech therapy in the period before prosthetic functional adaptation, and G2 underwent prosthetic functional adaptation without speech-language intervention. As observed, G1 presented 60% of participants with phonetic and/or articular distortions and inadequate cut of the food and 80% with unilateral chewing; after therapy, no speech and masticatory alterations were observed, but the altered cut was seen in 100% of the group. In G2, 80% of the participants had speech and chewing alterations and 40% had an inadequate cut. After the therapy period, 60% of the subjects remained with speech alterations and 100% with altered cut and chewing alterations. It can be concluded that after prosthetic functional adaptation, the group that underwent speech therapy did not present the alterations initially detected, except for the cut of the food, as opposed to G2 in which the changes persisted, showing that prosthetic rehabilitation alone, did not reestablish functional patterns, speech-language intervention being required.


RESUMO O estudo consiste em caracterizar a fala e mastigação de usuários de prótese total convencional - PTC antes e após fonoterapia e adaptação funcional protética. Participaram 10 usuários, divididos em G1(experimental) e G2(controle). Ambos realizaram a mesma avaliação de fala e mastigação antes e após 15 dias de adaptação funcional protética. Logo, G1 passou por fonoterapia no período que antecede a adaptação funcional protética e G2 passou pela adaptação funcional protética sem intervenção Fonoaudiológica. Observou-se que G1 apresentou 60% de participantes com distorções fonéticas e/ou articulatórias e corte inadequado do alimento e 80% com um tipo mastigatório unilateral e a posteriori não foram mais verificadas alterações de fala e tipo mastigatório, porém um corte alterado em 100% do grupo. Já G2, 80% dos participantes tinham alterações de fala e mastigação e 40% um corte inadequado. Após, 60% dos sujeitos persistiram com as alterações de fala e 100% com um corte e tipo mastigatório alterado. Conclui-se que após adaptação funcional protética, G1, que realizou fonoterapia, não apresentou mais as alterações encontradas inicialmente, com exceção do corte do alimento; diferente de G2 em que as alterações persistiram, uma vez que a adaptação funcional não restabeleceu os padrões funcionais, sendo necessária intervenção Fonoaudiológica.

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